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1.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (En línea) ; 43(4): 174-180, dic. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1532111

RESUMO

Introducción: durante la pandemia de COVID-19 hubo un auge sin precedentes de la telemedicina, probablemente por la forzada adopción de tecnología ante las medidas restrictivas. El presente estudio se propuso comparar la interacción y la comunicación entre médicos de cabecera (MC) y pacientes, antes y durante el período de pandemia, en términos de consultas ambulatorias programadas y mensajes del Portal de Salud. Materiales y métodos: corte transversal con muestreo consecutivo de turnos programados y mensajes, ocurridos entre las semanas epidemiológicas (SE) 10 y 23, de 2019 y 2020, respectivamente. Se incluyeron 147 médicos del Servicio de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, y una cápita de 73 427 pacientes afiliados al Plan de Salud del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Se realizó análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo. Resultados: hubo una reducción del 70% de las consultas presenciales (de 76 375 en 2019 a 23 200 en 2020) y un aumento concomitante de teleconsultas (de 255 en la SE13 a 1089 en la SE23). En simultáneo, los mensajes aumentaron sustancialmente (de 28 601 en 2019 a 84 916 en 2020), con un inicio abrupto al comienzo del confinamiento, y una tendencia decreciente a lo largo del tiempo. Antes de la pandemia, el contenido estuvo relacionado con órdenes electrónicas de estudios complementarios, control de resultados, recetas de medicación crónica y/o interconsultas a especialistas, mientras que los dominios más frecuentes durante la pandemia fueron necesidades informativas epidemiológicas, como medidas preventivas para COVID-19, vacuna antineumocócica, vacuna antigripal, casos o sospechas, resultados de hisopados, entre otras. Conclusión: el auge de las tecnologías de la comunicación e información durante la pandemia permitió dar continuidad a los procesos asistenciales en salud pese al distanciamiento físico. Hubo mayor utilización de mensajería por necesidades informativas de los pacientes, y la relación médico-paciente se ha modificado. (AU)


Introduction: during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an unprecedented boom in telemedicine, probably due to the forced adoption of technology in the face of restrictive measures. This study aimed to compare the interaction and communication between general practitioners and patients before and during the pandemic based on scheduled outpatient consultations and Health Portal messages. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study with a consecutive sampling of scheduled appointments and messages, occurring between epidemiological weeks (EW) 10 and 23 of 2019 and 2020, respectively. We included 147 physicians from the Family and Community Medicine Service and a capita of 73427 patients affiliated with the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires health plan. We conducted a quantitative and qualitative analysis. Results: there was a 70% reduction in face-to-face consultations (from 76375 in 2019 to 23200 in 2020) and a concomitant increase in teleconsultations (from 255 in EW13 to 1089 in EW23). Concurrently, messages increased substantially (from 28601 in 2019 to 84916 in 2020), with an abrupt onset at the beginning of confinement and a decreasing trend over time. Before the pandemic, the content involved electronic orders for complementary studies, outcome monitoring, chronic medication prescriptions, or expert consultations. The most frequent domains during the pandemic were epidemiological information needs, such as preventive measures for COVID-19, pneumococcal vaccine, influenza vaccine, cases or suspicions, and swab results, among others. Conclusion: the rise of communication and information technologies during the pandemic allowed the continuity of healthcare processes despite the physical distance. There was increased use of messaging for patients' information needs, and the doctor-patient relationship has changed. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Consulta Remota/estatística & dados numéricos , Assistência Ambulatorial/métodos , Relações Médico-Paciente , Estudos Transversais , Correio Eletrônico , Comunicação em Saúde , Anonimização de Dados , COVID-19
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 148(5): 602-610, mayo 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1139344

RESUMO

Background: Undertriage or the underestimation of the urgency of the condition of a person arriving in an emergency department (ED) represents a measure of quality care. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of undertriage in a high complexity hospital of Argentina; to describe characteristics and mortality of these patients. Material and Methods: All consultations admitted to the ED during 2014 were analyzed. Those assigned to a lower level of admission risk (classified as Emergency Severity Index -ESI- 3 to 5) but required hospitalization in intensive care units (ICU) as the first hospitalization place were considered as an undertriage. A random sample of correctly categorized admissions (ESI 1 or 2), who were subsequently hospitalized in the ICU, was selected as a comparison group. Results: The global undertriage prevalence was 0.30% (316/104,832). Among patients admitted to the ICU, the prevalence was 21% (316/1,461; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 19-24). The 316 patients whose severity was underestimated had a median age of 73 years, and admitted between 7 a.m. and 9 p.m. in a greater proportion. Overall hospital mortality was 8.9% (95% CI 6.78-11.38), and all deaths occurred after the patient was transferred from the emergency room. There were no differences in mortality between patients with correct triage or undertriage (11 and 7% respectively, p = 0.09). No differences were observed either in the total number of critical interventions during care in the first 24 hours. Significant differences were observed in requirements for mechanical ventilation (11 and 4% respectively, p = 0.01), orotracheal intubation (10 and 5% respectively p = 0.01) and non-invasive ventilation (8 and 4% respectively, p = 0.05). Conclusions: Undertriage rate in this series was low, but it can be improved.


Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Triagem/normas , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/normas , Argentina/epidemiologia , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva
4.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 19(4): 259-267, sept. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1119731

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir las características de los pacientes con Influenza A subtipo H3N2 y requerimiento de soporte ventilatorio durante el brote del 2017, así como la evolución y los resultados clínicos. Materiales y métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de H3N2 durante el mes de junio 2017 con requerimientos de asistencia respiratoria mecánica invasivo, no invasivo, terapia de alto flujo por cánula nasal y/o presión continua en la vía aérea que consultaron a la central de emergencias. Resultados: Se incluyeron 34 pacientes, 52.9% hombres, media de edad 81 (DE 10) años. Las principales comorbilidades de los pacientes al ingreso fueron: 73.5% hipertensión arterial, 44.1% enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y 76.5% insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva. La media del score de Charlson fue de 6 (DE 2), la mediana de APACHE II fue de 17 (IIC 14-20) y la de SOFA al día 1 de 5 (IIC 3-7). Al ingreso, 23 pacientes requirieron ventilación no invasiva, 5 presión continua en la vía aérea, 4 asistencia respiratoria mecánica invasiva y 2 terapia de alto flujo. Se registró un 47.8% (IC95% 26.8-69.4) de falla de la ventilación no invasiva y finalmente el 38.2% fueron intubados y ventilados mecánicamente. La mortalidad hospitalaria fue de 52.9% (IC95% 35.1-70.2). Conclusiones: se observó una alta mortalidad en una población añosa y comórbida durante el brote de H3N2. La mayoría realizó una prueba de ventilación no invasiva al ingreso, un alto porcentaje falló. El cuadro inicial pudo ser interpretado como enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica reagudizada y/o insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva.


Assuntos
Humanos , Influenza Aviária , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Ventilação não Invasiva , Insuficiência Cardíaca
5.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 19(4): 268-276, sept. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1119736

RESUMO

Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients with influenza A subtype H3N2 requiring ventilatory support during the 2017 outbreak, as well as the evolution of the disease and clinical results. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort. We included all patients admitted to the Emergency Department with confirmed diagnosis of H3N2 during June 2017, requiring invasive or noninvasive mechanical respiratory assistance, high-flow nasal cannula treatment or continuous airway pressure. Results: 34 patients were included; 52.9% men, mean age 81 years (Standard Deviation [SD] 10). Main comorbidities of patients on admission were: 73.5% hypertension, 44.1% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 76.5% congestive heart failure. The mean Charlson Index score was 6 (SD 2), the APACHE II median (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) was 17 (IQR 14-20) and the SOFA median (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) on day 1 was 5 (IQR 3-7). On admission, 23 patients required noninvasive ventilation, 5 continuous positive airway pressure, 4 invasive mechanical ventilation and 2 high-flow nasal cannula therapy. The rate of noninvasive ventilation failure was 47.8% (95% CI [confidence interval] 26.8-69.4) and finally 38.2% of patients were intubated and mechanically ventilated. Hospital mortality was 52.9% (95% CI 35.1-70.2). Conclusions: A high mortality rate was observed among elderly patients with comorbidities during the H3N2 outbreak. Most patients underwent a noninvasive ventilation trial on admission, however a high percentage failed. The initial condition could have been interpreted as acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or congestive heart failure.


Assuntos
Humanos , Influenza Aviária , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Ventilação não Invasiva , Insuficiência Cardíaca
8.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 38(3): 96-104, sept. 2018. tab.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1022741

RESUMO

Introducción: el síndrome de burnout (BO) suele afectar a médicos residentes, debido al estrés laboral crónico. Desde un marco logoterapéutico, la pérdida de un sentido de la vida (SV) es el denominador más común de todas las formas de perturbación emocional, y el BO podría enmarcarse dentro de un proyecto de vida laboral (PVL) con enrolamiento enajenante. El objetivo principal del trabajo es evaluar la relación entre el BO, el SV y el PVL, en los programas de residencia del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Población y métodos: se evaluaron residentes de 6 programas de residencia del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, a través de un cuestionario. El BO se midió con el "Maslach Burnout Inventory" (MBI). El SV se midió con el "Purpose in Life Test" (PIL Test). El PVL se midió con la Escala de PVL de la Dra. Isabel Pérez Jáuregui. Resultados: participaron 104 residentes. El 28,8% de los evaluados mostraron BO, el 18,3% falta de SV y el 30,8% un PVL inauténtico con sobreadaptación. Tanto la falta de SV como el PVL inauténtico con sobreadaptación se asociaron en forma estadísticamente significativa con BO (p < 0,01), y la presencia de cualquiera de estas alteraciones aumentó en casi 18 veces (odds ratio [OR] crudo) la probabilidad de presentar el síndrome. Los OR ajustados de falta de SV (6,28) y PVL inauténtico (9,57) para la presencia de BO continuaron siendo estadísticamente significativos. Por último, en esta investigación pudimos determinar que las subescalas del MBI agotamiento y despersonalización se correlacionaron negativamente con el PIL Test (r=-0,41 y r=-0,53, respectivamente) y la Escala de PVL (r=-0,45 y r=-0,42, respectivamente), mientras que la subescala de realización se correlacionó positivamente en forma significativa con estas dos últimas (r=0,63 y r=0,61, respectivamente). Conclusiones: se encontró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre BO, falta de SV y PVL inauténtico, en la residencia. (AU)


Introduction: The Burnout Syndrome (BO) usually affects medical residents because they are exposed to chronic labour stress. From a logotherapeutic view, the loss of meaning and purpose in life (ML) is the common denominator of all types of emotional distress, and the BO could belong to an altered labour life project (LLP) with overadaptation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the BO, the ML, and the LLP, in residency programs at a university hospital. Population and methods: residents from six programs at Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires were evaluated. The BO was measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The ML was measured with the Purpose in Life Test (Pil Test). The LLP was measured with the LLP Scale created by Doctor Isabel Pérez Jáuregui. Results: one hundred and four residents participated. Out of the evaluated residentes, 28.8% showed BO. The loss of ML was observed in 18.3%, and an altered LLP with overadaptation affected the 30.8% of the sample. Loss of ML and altered LLP with overadaptation were associated in a statistically significant way with BO (p<0.01), and the presence of any of this alterations increased the odds ratio almost 18 times to suffer BO. The adjusted odds ratio of loss of ML (6.28) and altered LLP (9.57) to suffer BO, were also statistically significant. Finally, a negative correlation was observed between exhaustion and despersonalization (MBI) and the Pil Test (r=-0.41 and r=-0.53, respectively) and the LLP Scale (r=-0.45 and r=-0.42, respectively), while a positive significant correlation was observed between the personal accomplishment (MBI) and the Pil Test and LLP Scale (r=0.63 and r=0.61, respectively). Conclusions: in the residency, we found a statistically significant relationship between BO, loss of ML and altered LLP. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Esgotamento Profissional/terapia , Estresse Ocupacional/terapia , Internato e Residência , Grupos de Autoajuda/tendências , Fonoterapia/psicologia , Fonoterapia/tendências , Esgotamento Profissional/classificação , Esgotamento Profissional/etiologia , Esgotamento Profissional/prevenção & controle , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Razão de Chances , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários/estatística & dados numéricos , Despersonalização/prevenção & controle , Despersonalização/terapia , Educação Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Equilíbrio Trabalho-Vida/tendências , Estresse Ocupacional/prevenção & controle
9.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 36(4): 136-142, dic. 2016. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1141578

RESUMO

Introducción: ASIS en un instrumento para conocer la realidad sanitaria que incluye la perspectiva de los actores, destinado a encaminar la planificación de las actividades en salud orientadas a la comunidad. Objetivo: recabar características sociodemográficas de la población, indagar los problemas de salud identificados por la comunidad, conocer qué estrategias utilizan para atenderlos y conocer sus recursos sociosanitarios. Material y métodos: Método de Análisis Rápido y Planificación Participativa (MARPP) implementado entre junio de 2013 y mayo de 2014 en la comunidad del barrio Santa María, Bajo Boulogne, San Isidro, República Argentina. Se integraron datos de tres fuentes: datos sociodemográficos del Censo Nacional 2010, encuesta domiciliaria para conocer los problemas de salud de la comunidad y un relevamiento de sus recursos sociosanitarios. Resultados: según los datos del Censo, los menores de 19 años representan el 33% de la población, mayoritariamente argentina y alfabetizada. Las viviendas disponen de conexión con agua corriente, desagüe cloacal y gas. Un 12,8% vive con necesidades básicas insatisfechas. Adicionalmente, se encuestaron 225 viviendas con una tasa de respuesta del 70%. El 30% (67/225) de los adultos y el 42% (52/122) de los niños (expresado por adultos responsables) informaron haber padecido algún problema de salud agudo en los últimos dos meses. Para ambos grupos, el principal problema de salud percibido fueron trastornos respiratorios; para los adultos, el segundo en frecuencia fueron los del aparato locomotor. El 55% de los adultos reconocieron padecer algún problema crónico, principalmente cardiovascular. Los problemas más destacados del barrio fueron la inseguridad y la violencia. El 73% refirió conocer el Centro de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria San Pantaleón, y el 34% manifestó usarlo habitualmente. Conclusiones: este relevamiento representa una primera aproximación a la percepción y a las necesidades de la comunidad. (AU)


Introduction: ASIS is an instrument to know the health situation including the perspective of the actors, and to guide the planning of activities in health-oriented community. Aims: to collect socio-demographic characteristics of the community population, to investigate health problems identified by the community and learn what strategies used to solve them, and know their health resources. Methods: Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) methodology implemented between June 2013 and May 2014 in the Santa María community, Bajo Boulogne, Argentina. Data were collected from three sources: socio-demographic data from the 2010 National Census, we conducted a survey ad hoc on a sample to know the health problems of the community, and we described their health resources. Results: according to Census data, under age 19 account for 33% of the population, mainly from Argentina and alphabetized. Their houses have connection with running water, sewerage and gas. 12.8% live with unsatisfied basic needs. In addition, 225 homes were surveyed with a response rate of 70%: 30% (67/225) of adults and 42% (52/122) of children (expressed by responsible adults) reported having had an acute health problem in the past two months. For both, the main perceived health problem was respiratory; for adults, the second in frequency were of musculoskeletal problems. Fifty-five percent of adults suffer from some recognized, mainly cardiovascular chronic problem. The major problems reported were insecurity and violence. 73% reported knowledge of the Centro de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria San Pantaleón, although it usually uses only 34% of respondents. Conclusions: it represents a first approach to the perception and the needs of the community. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviços de Saúde Comunitária/estatística & dados numéricos , Assistência Integral à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Argentina , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Saúde Pública/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Centros Comunitários de Saúde , Censos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Medicina de Família e Comunidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Recursos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos
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